RUN
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Run (?), v. i. [imp. Ran (?) or Run; p. p. Run; p. pr. & vb. n. Running.] [OE. rinnen, rennen (imp. ran, p. p. runnen, ronnen). AS. rinnan to flow (imp. ran, p. p. gerunnen), and iernan, irnan, to run (imp. orn, arn, earn, p. p. urnen); akin to D. runnen, rennen, OS. & OHG. rinnan, G. rinnen, rennen, Icel. renna, rinna, Sw. rinna, r&ä;nna, Dan. rinde, rende, Goth. rinnan, and perh. to L. oriri to rise, Gr. &unr_; to stir up, rouse, Skr. &unr_; (cf. Origin), or perh. to L. rivus brook (cf. Rival). √11. Cf. Ember, a., Rennet.] 1. To move, proceed, advance, pass, go, come, etc., swiftly, smoothly, or with quick action; -- said of things animate or inanimate. Hence, to flow, glide, or roll onward, as a stream, a snake, a wagon, etc.; to move by quicker action than in walking, as a person, a horse, a dog. Specifically: --
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2. Of voluntary or personal action: (a) To go swiftly; to pass at a swift pace; to hasten.
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“Ha, ha, the fox!” and after him they ran.
Chaucer.
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(b) To flee, as from fear or danger.
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As from a bear a man would run for life.
Shak.
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(c) To steal off; to depart secretly.
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(d) To contend in a race; hence, to enter into a contest; to become a candidate; as, to run for Congress.
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Know ye not that they which run in a race run all, but one receiveth the prize? So run, that ye may obtain.
1 Cor. ix. 24.
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(e) To pass from one state or condition to another; to come into a certain condition; -- often with in or into; as, to run into evil practices; to run in debt.
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Have I not cause to rave and beat my breast, to rend my heart with grief and run distracted?
Addison.
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(f) To exert continuous activity; to proceed; as, to run through life; to run in a circle. (g) To pass or go quickly in thought or conversation; as, to run from one subject to another.
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Virgil, in his first Georgic, has run into a set of precepts foreign to his subject.
Addison.
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(h) To discuss; to continue to think or speak about something; -- with on. (i) To make numerous drafts or demands for payment, as upon a bank; -- with on. (j) To creep, as serpents.
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3. Of involuntary motion: (a) To flow, as a liquid; to ascend or descend; to course; as, rivers run to the sea; sap runs up in the spring; her blood ran cold. (b) To proceed along a surface; to extend; to spread.
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The fire ran along upon the ground.
Ex. ix. 23.
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(c) To become fluid; to melt; to fuse.
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As wax dissolves, as ice begins to run.
Addison.
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Sussex iron ores run freely in the fire.
Woodward.
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(d) To turn, as a wheel; to revolve on an axis or pivot; as, a wheel runs swiftly round. (e) To travel; to make progress; to be moved by mechanical means; to go; as, the steamboat runs regularly to Albany; the train runs to Chicago. (f) To extend; to reach; as, the road runs from Philadelphia to New York; the memory of man runneth not to the contrary.
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She saw with joy the line immortal run,
Each sire impressed, and glaring in his son.
Pope.
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(g) To go back and forth from place to place; to ply; as, the stage runs between the hotel and the station. (h) To make progress; to proceed; to pass.
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As fast as our time runs, we should be very glad in most part of our lives that it ran much faster.
Addison.
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(i) To continue in operation; to be kept in action or motion; as, this engine runs night and day; the mill runs six days in the week.
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When we desire anything, our minds run wholly on the good circumstances of it; when it is obtained, our minds run wholly on the bad ones.
Swift.
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(j) To have a course or direction; as, a line runs east and west.
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Where the generally allowed practice runs counter to it.
Locke.
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Little is the wisdom, where the flight
So runs against all reason.
Shak.
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(k) To be in form thus, as a combination of words.
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The king's ordinary style runneth, “Our sovereign lord the king.”
Bp. Sanderson.
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(l) To be popularly known; to be generally received.
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Men gave them their own names, by which they run a great while in Rome.
Sir W. Temple.
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Neither was he ignorant what report ran of himself.
Knolles.
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(m) To have growth or development; as, boys and girls run up rapidly.
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If the richness of the ground cause turnips to run to leaves.
Mortimer.
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(n) To tend, as to an effect or consequence; to incline.
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A man's nature runs either to herbs or weeds.
Bacon.
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Temperate climates run into moderate governments.
Swift.
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(o) To spread and blend together; to unite; as, colors run in washing.
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In the middle of a rainbow the colors are . . . distinguished, but near the borders they run into one another.
I. Watts.
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(p) To have a legal course; to be attached; to continue in force, effect, or operation; to follow; to go in company; as, certain covenants run with the land.
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Customs run only upon our goods imported or exported, and that but once for all; whereas interest runs as well upon our ships as goods, and must be yearly paid.
Sir J. Child.
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(q) To continue without falling due; to hold good; as, a note has thirty days to run. (r) To discharge pus or other matter; as, an ulcer runs. (s) To be played on the stage a number of successive days or nights; as, the piece ran for six months. (t) (Naut.) To sail before the wind, in distinction from reaching or sailing closehauled; -- said of vessels.
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4. Specifically, of a horse: To move rapidly in a gait in which each leg acts in turn as a propeller and a supporter, and in which for an instant all the limbs are gathered in the air under the body. Stillman (The Horse in Motion).
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5. (Athletics) To move rapidly by springing steps so that there is an instant in each step when neither foot touches the ground; -- so distinguished from walking in athletic competition.
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As things run, according to the usual order, conditions, quality, etc.; on the average; without selection or specification. -- To let run (Naut.), to allow to pass or move freely; to slacken or loosen. -- To run after, to pursue or follow; to search for; to endeavor to find or obtain; as, to run after similes. Locke. -- To run away, to flee; to escape; to elope; to run without control or guidance. -- To run away with. (a) To convey away hurriedly; to accompany in escape or elopement. (b) To drag rapidly and with violence; as, a horse runs away with a carriage. -- To run down. (a) To cease to work or operate on account of the exhaustion of the motive power; -- said of clocks, watches, etc. (b) To decline in condition; as, to run down in health. -- To run down a coast, to sail along it. -- To run for an office, to stand as a candidate for an office. -- To run in or To run into. (a) To enter; to step in. (b) To come in collision with. -- To run into To meet, by chance; as, I ran into my brother at the grocery store. -- To run in trust, to run in debt; to get credit. [Obs.] -- To run in with. (a) To close; to comply; to agree with. [R.] T. Baker. (b) (Naut.) To make toward; to near; to sail close to; as, to run in with the land. -- To run mad, To run mad after or To run mad on. See under Mad. -- To run on. (a) To be continued; as, their accounts had run on for a year or two without a settlement. (b) To talk incessantly. (c) To continue a course. (d) To press with jokes or ridicule; to abuse with sarcasm; to bear hard on. (e) (Print.) To be continued in the same lines, without making a break or beginning a new paragraph. -- To run out. (a) To come to an end; to expire; as, the lease runs out at Michaelmas. (b) To extend; to spread. “Insectile animals . . . run all out into legs.” Hammond. (c) To expatiate; as, to run out into beautiful digressions. (d) To be wasted or exhausted; to become poor; to become extinct; as, an estate managed without economy will soon run out.
[1913 Webster]And had her stock been less, no doubt
She must have long ago run out.
Dryden.
[1913 Webster]-- To run over. (a) To overflow; as, a cup runs over, or the liquor runs over. (b) To go over, examine, or rehearse cursorily. (c) To ride or drive over; as, to run over a child. -- To run riot, to go to excess. -- To run through. (a) To go through hastily; as to run through a book. (b) To spend wastefully; as, to run through an estate. -- To run to seed, to expend or exhaust vitality in producing seed, as a plant; figuratively and colloquially, to cease growing; to lose vital force, as the body or mind. -- To run up, to rise; to swell; to grow; to increase; as, accounts of goods credited run up very fast.
[1913 Webster]But these, having been untrimmed for many years, had run up into great bushes, or rather dwarf trees.
Sir W. Scott.
[1913 Webster]-- To run with. (a) To be drenched with, so that streams flow; as, the streets ran with blood. (b) To flow while charged with some foreign substance. “Its rivers ran with gold.” J. H. Newman.
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Run (&unr_;), v. t. 1. To cause to run (in the various senses of Run, v. i.); as, to run a horse; to run a stage; to run a machine; to run a rope through a block.
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2. To pursue in thought; to carry in contemplation.
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To run the world back to its first original.
South.
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I would gladly understand the formation of a soul, and run it up to its “punctum saliens.”
Collier.
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3. To cause to enter; to thrust; as, to run a sword into or through the body; to run a nail into the foot.
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You run your head into the lion's mouth.
Sir W. Scott.
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Having run his fingers through his hair.
Dickens.
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4. To drive or force; to cause, or permit, to be driven.
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They ran the ship aground.
Acts xxvii. 41.
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A talkative person runs himself upon great inconveniences by blabbing out his own or other's secrets.
Ray.
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Others, accustomed to retired speculations, run natural philosophy into metaphysical notions.
Locke.
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5. To fuse; to shape; to mold; to cast; as, to run bullets, and the like.
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The purest gold must be run and washed.
Felton.
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6. To cause to be drawn; to mark out; to indicate; to determine; as, to run a line.
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7. To cause to pass, or evade, offical restrictions; to smuggle; -- said of contraband or dutiable goods.
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Heavy impositions . . . are a strong temptation of running goods.
Swift.
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8. To go through or accomplish by running; as, to run a race; to run a certain career.
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9. To cause to stand as a candidate for office; to support for office; as, to run some one for Congress. [Colloq. U.S.]
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10. To encounter or incur, as a danger or risk; as, to run the risk of losing one's life. See To run the chances, below. “He runneth two dangers.” Bacon.
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If we don't succeed, we run the risk of failure.
Dan Quail.
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11. To put at hazard; to venture; to risk.
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He would himself be in the Highlands to receive them, and run his fortune with them.
Clarendon.
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12. To discharge; to emit; to give forth copiously; to be bathed with; as, the pipe or faucet runs hot water.
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At the base of Pompey's statua,
Which all the while ran blood, great Cæsar fell.
Shak.
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13. To be charged with, or to contain much of, while flowing; as, the rivers ran blood.
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14. To conduct; to manage; to carry on; as, to run a factory or a hotel. [Colloq. U.S.]
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15. To tease with sarcasms and ridicule. [Colloq.]
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16. To sew, as a seam, by passing the needle through material in a continuous line, generally taking a series of stitches on the needle at the same time.
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17. To migrate or move in schools; -- said of fish; esp., to ascend a river in order to spawn.
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18. (Golf) To strike (the ball) in such a way as to cause it to run along the ground, as when approaching a hole.
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To run a blockade, to get to, or away from, a blockaded port in safety. -- To run down. (a) (Hunting) To chase till the object pursued is captured or exhausted; as, to run down a stag. (b) (Naut.) To run against and sink, as a vessel. (c) To crush; to overthrow; to overbear. “Religion is run down by the license of these times.” Berkeley. (d) To disparage; to traduce. F. W. Newman. -- To run hard. (a) To press in competition; as, to run one hard in a race. (b) To urge or press importunately. (c) To banter severely. -- To run into the ground, to carry to an absurd extreme; to overdo. [Slang, U.S.] -- To run off, to cause to flow away, as a charge of molten metal from a furnace. -- To run on (Print.), to carry on or continue, as the type for a new sentence, without making a break or commencing a new paragraph. -- To run out. (a) To thrust or push out; to extend. (b) To waste; to exhaust; as, to run out an estate. (c) (Baseball) To put out while running between two bases. Also called to run out. -- To run the chances or To run one's chances, to encounter all the risks of a certain course. -- To run through, to transfix; to pierce, as with a sword. “[He] was run through the body by the man who had asked his advice.” Addison. -- To run up. (a) To thrust up, as anything long and slender. (b) To increase; to enlarge by additions, as an account. (c) To erect hastily, as a building.
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Run (?), n. 1. The act of running; as, a long run; a good run; a quick run; to go on the run.
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2. A small stream; a brook; a creek.
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3. That which runs or flows in the course of a certain operation, or during a certain time; as, a run of must in wine making; the first run of sap in a maple orchard.
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4. A course; a series; that which continues in a certain course or series; as, a run of good or bad luck.
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They who made their arrangements in the first run of misadventure . . . put a seal on their calamities.
Burke.
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5. State of being current; currency; popularity.
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It is impossible for detached papers to have a general run, or long continuance, if not diversified with humor.
Addison.
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6. Continued repetition on the stage; -- said of a play; as, to have a run of a hundred successive nights.
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A canting, mawkish play . . . had an immense run.
Macaulay.
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7. A continuing urgent demand; especially, a pressure on a bank or treasury for payment of its notes.
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8. A range or extent of ground for feeding stock; as, a sheep run. Howitt.
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9. (Naut.) (a) The aftermost part of a vessel's hull where it narrows toward the stern, under the quarter. (b) The distance sailed by a ship; as, a good run; a run of fifty miles. (c) A voyage; as, a run to China.
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10. A pleasure excursion; a trip. [Colloq.]
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I think of giving her a run in London.
Dickens.
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11. (Mining) The horizontal distance to which a drift may be carried, either by license of the proprietor of a mine or by the nature of the formation; also, the direction which a vein of ore or other substance takes.
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12. (Mus.) A roulade, or series of running tones.
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13. (Mil.) The greatest degree of swiftness in marching. It is executed upon the same principles as the double-quick, but with greater speed.
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14. The act of migrating, or ascending a river to spawn; -- said of fish; also, an assemblage or school of fishes which migrate, or ascend a river for the purpose of spawning.
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15. (Sport) In baseball, a complete circuit of the bases made by a player, which enables him to score one point; also, the point thus scored; in cricket, a passing from one wicket to the other, by which one point is scored; as, a player made three runs; the side went out with two hundred runs; the Yankees scored three runs in the seventh inning.
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The “runs” are made from wicket to wicket, the batsmen interchanging ends at each run.
R. A. Proctor.
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16. A pair or set of millstones.
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17. (Piquet, Cribbage, etc.) A number of cards of the same suit in sequence; as, a run of four in hearts.
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18. (Golf) (a) The movement communicated to a golf ball by running. (b) The distance a ball travels after touching the ground from a stroke.
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At the long run, now, commonly, In the long run, in or during the whole process or course of things taken together; in the final result; in the end; finally.
[1913 Webster][Man] starts the inferior of the brute animals, but he surpasses them in the long run.
J. H. Newman.
[1913 Webster]-- Home run. (a) A running or returning toward home, or to the point from which the start was made. Cf. Home stretch. (b) (Baseball) See under Home. -- The run, or The common run, or The run of the mill etc., ordinary persons; the generality or average of people or things; also, that which ordinarily occurs; ordinary current, course, or kind.
[1913 Webster +PJC]I saw nothing else that is superior to the common run of parks.
Walpole.
[1913 Webster]Burns never dreamed of looking down on others as beneath him, merely because he was conscious of his own vast superiority to the common run of men.
Prof. Wilson.
[1913 Webster]His whole appearance was something out of the common run.
W. Irving.
[1913 Webster]-- To let go by the run (Naut.), to loosen and let run freely, as lines; to let fall without restraint, as a sail.
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Run, a. 1. Melted, or made from molten material; cast in a mold; as, run butter; run iron or lead.
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2. Smuggled; as, run goods. [Colloq.] Miss Edgeworth.
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Run steel, malleable iron castings. See under Malleable. Raymond.
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